The 6 Kingdoms of the Temperate Rainforest

Monera

Monera are single celled organisms that have no nucleus.

This is a sample of Bracteacoccus minor, found in New Zealand

Bracteacoccus minor

Cyano Cocci shape
This bacteria occurs in New Zealand, and is found in glucose.

Lyngbya aestuarii

Cyano Bacili shape

This is lyngbya aestuarri under a scientific microscope.

Located in Chile, in the temperate rainforest, and is found in fresh water
puddles.

Protist

Protists have a nucleus and organelles, and most are single-celled.

Gymnodinium rotundatum doesn't have a common name.

Gymnodinium rotundatum

Gymnodinium rotundatum is a Protozoan.
Protozoans are "animal like", they have no cell walls, and have no chlorophyll.
This Protist is found in the rivers in the Temperate Rainforests of New Zealand.

Ulva linza

This is Ulva linza growing on a rock in Alaska.

Ulva Linza is a green algae of the Protista kingdom.
Algae is always plant like, has cell walls, and contains chlorophyll.
It grows on the rocks of the temperate rainforest in New Zealand and Alaska, U.S.A.

Fungi Kingdom

Fungi are multicellular, contain no chlorophyll, and they absorb nutrients.

Basidiomycota

This is Hemlock varnish shelf growing on a tree trunk

Basidiomycota is club shaped and has closely packed together filaments.
Ganoderma tsugae
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Class: Basidiomycetes
Order: Polyporales
Family: Ganodermataceae
Genus: Ganoderma
species: tsugae
Ganoderma tsugae is also known as Hemlock varnish shelf and grows on the trunks of trees.

This is a clonony of Redwood rooters growing in the redwood forest.

Caulorhiza umbonata
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Class: Basidiomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Tricholomataceae
Genus: Caulorhiza
species: umbonata
Caulorhiza umbonata grows above soil, almost always under redwood trees.
Common name: Redwood Rooter

Ascomycota

This is Pseudocyphellaria neglecta growing on a rock.

Ascomycota is a cup-shaped fungi.
Pseudocyphellaria neglecta
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Ascomycetes
Order: Peltigerales
Family: Lobariaceae
Genus: Pseudocyphellaria
Species: neglecta
Psuedocyphellaria neglecta grows on rocks, bark, and dead wood in Australia, New Zealand, and South America. Common name: N/A

Chytridiomycota

Rhizophlyctis rosea under a microscope.

Chytridiomycota fungi live in both water and soil.
Rhizophlyctis rosea
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Chytridiomycota
Class: Chytridiomycetes
Order: Spizellomycetales
Family: Spizellomycetaceae
Genus: Rhizophlyctis
speices: rosea
Rhizophlyctis rosea is found in southern Australia and New Zealand. It lives in the soil.
Common Name: N/A


Plants

Plants are multi-celled, have cell walls, contain chlorophyll, and their Phyla are usually referred to as Divisions.

Pinophyta

These are California redwood trees growing near Lake Tahoe,CA.

Pinophyta reproduce with cones or seeds outside of the plant, have no fruit and are evergreen.
Sequoia sempervirens
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Cupressaceae
Genus: Sequoia
species: sempervirens
California Redwood grow in the soil of the redwood forest stretching from Northern California to Alaska.

This is a Kauri tree in New Zealand.

Pinophyta

Pinophyta reproduce with cones or seeds outside of the plant, have no fruit and are evergreen.
Agathis australis
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Araucariaceae
Genus: Agathis
species: australis
This enormous tree is native to China, England, Germany, New Zealand, and Russia.

Bryophyta

These are liverworts.

This division of nonvascular plants are most commonly known to be the division in which mosses and liverworts dwell, and are very short.
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Bryophyta
Class: Marchantiophyta
Order: Marchantiales
Family: Targioniaceae
Genus: Targionia
species: hypophylla
Targionia hypophylla are found almost everywhere on the terrestrial planet in the soil, including British Columbia, northern California, Chile, and New Zealand.





Hypopterygium rotulatum

This is umbrella moss growing on a fallen branch in New Zealand.

Common name: Umbrella moss
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Bryophyta
Class: Bryopsida
Order: Hookeriales
Family: Hookeriaceae
Genus: Hypopterygium
species: rotulatum
Umbrella moss can grow on either rock, soil, or wood and is found in the temperate rainforest of the southern hemisphere in New Zealand.

Some autumn snowflake flowers.

Magnoliophyta

These vascular plants bear fowers or fruit
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Genus: Acis
species: autumnalis
Acis autumnalis is a white flower native to the temperate rainforests of New Zealand and in Spain and Portrugal.

Glossy Abelia

Magnoliospida

Abelia x grandiflori
Common name: Glossy Abelia
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliospida
Order: Dipsacales
Family: Caprifoliaceae
Genus: Abelia
species: grandiflori
Glossy Abelia grow in the soil of the temperate rainforest of British Columbia, Canada.


Liliopsida

Milkmaids flower photographed in the redwood forest.

Burchardia umbellata
Common name: Milkmaids flower
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Liliales
Family: Colchicaceae
Genus: Burchardia
species: umbellata
Milkmaids flower grow mostly in Australia; but are also very common in the redwood forest.



Polypodiophyta

These are ferns that have fronds with spores on the underside of the frond.

Filicopsida

Polystichum acrostichoides

Christmas Fern

Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Filicopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Family: Dryopteridaceae
Genus: Polystichum
species: acrostichoides
This fern grows in the soil temperate rainforest of British Columbia, Canada.

Equisetophyta

A woodland horsetail.

Plants with several needle-like leaves radiationg out on all sides from the stem, most notably horsetails.
Equisetum Sylvaticum
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Equisetophyta
Class: Equisetopsida
Order: Equisetales
Family: Equisetaceae
Genus: Equisetum
Species: Sylvaticum
Equisetum Sylvaticum lives in the Pacific Northwest of North America.

Pteridophyta

Lady fern growing in New Zealand.

Pteridophyta are ferns that do not have flowers and contain whisk ferns.
Athyrium filix-femina
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Pteridophyta
Class: Filicopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Family: Dryopteridaceae
Genus: Athyrium
species: felix-femina
This fern grows in the soil in the temperate rainforest of New Zealand and Washington,U.S.A.

Lycopodiophyta

Lycopodiophtae are primitive, ancient plants typified by clubmosses and spikemosses.

Oregon spikemoss growing on a maple tree in British Columbia.

Selaginella oregana
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Lycopodiophyta
Class: Lycopodiopsida
Order: Selaginellales
Family: Selaginellaceae
Genus: Selaginella
Species: oregana
Selaginella oregana can be found growing in the Pacific Northwest coast of North America.

Gnetopsida

Ephedra frustillata is without a common name.

Gnetopsida are gymnosperms with primitive flowers.

Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Gnetophyta
Class: Gnetopsida
Order: Ephedrales
Family: Ephedraceae
Genus: Ephedra
Species: frustillata

Ephedra frustillata is found in Chile.

Animal Kingdom

Animals are multi-celled and digest their food inside their bodies.

Arthropoda

The Asian Tiger Mosquito is pictured here.

Arthropods are by far the largest animal group, consisting of insects and spiders. They have multiple body segments, jointed appendages, and exoskeletons.

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Anthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Culicidae
Genus: Aedes
Species: albopictus

Aedes albopictus in California, among other places.

Annelida

Eunice aphroditois is straight out of a cheap 50's-era horror movie!

Segmented worms, as these are known, have one opening for food, one for waste, a simple nervous system, and 5 "hearts."

Common name: N/A
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Polychaeta
Order: Aciculata
Family: Eunicidae
Genus: Euince
Species: aphroditoi
Eunice aphroditois inhabits the rich soils of British Columbia.

Mollusks

This is a slender banana slug sliding its way along the grow in the redwood forests.

Mollusks are soft bodied, have no bones, have a well developed organ system, and some have hard outer shells.















Ariolimax dolichophallus
Common name: Slender banana slug
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Arionidae
Genus: Ariolimax
species: dolichophallus
Slender banana slugs live on the forest floor of the redwood forest in northern California.

Flatworms

Flatworms are parasites that have one opening for food or waste and have a

This is a New Zealand flatworm sliding its way across a rock in New Zealnad.

very simple nervous system.















Arthurdendyus triangulatus
Common name: New Zealand flatworm
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Class: Turbellaria
Order: Tricladida
Family: Geoplanidea
Genus: Arthurdendyus
species: triangulatus
New Zealand flatworms live in New Zealand and slid their way around the forest floor.

Roundworms

Some roundworms are parasites, the others live in either water or soil. they have one open

This is Baylisascaris procyonis compared in size next to a penny.

ing for food and another for waste, and they have a straight digestive tube

Baylisascaris procyonis
Common name: N/A
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Nemata
Class: Secernentea
Order: Ascaridida
Family: Ascarididae
Genus: Baylisascaris
species: procyonis
Baylisascaris procyonis are found in the small intestines of any type of raccoon.

Velvet Worms

Velvet worms are a little-known phyla of segmented, caterpillar-like organisms that live almost exclusively in temperate and tropical rainforests.

This is Peripatoides suteri on a leaf.

Peripatoides suteri

Common name: N/A
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Onychophora
Class: Unassigned
Order: Unassigned
Family: Peripatopsidae
Genus: Peripatoides
species: suteri

Peripatoides suteri is found in New Zealand.

Mammals

The duck-billed platypus is one of the only mammals to lay eggs!

Mammals are highly intelligent animals with an extraordinarily well-developed nervous system.

Ornithorhynchus atanius
Common name: Duck-billed Platypus
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Monotremata
Family: Ornithorhynchidae
Genus: Ornithorhynchus
species: atanius
Ornithorhynchus atanius is found in Australia.

Birds

Birds have hollow bones, enlarged lungs, they lay eggs, have scaly legs and the rest o the body is feathers, they have clawed toes and are endotherms.

Northern spotted owl perched on a branch.

Strix occidentalis caurina
Common name: Northern spotted owl
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Strigitormes
Family: Strigidae
Genus: Strix
species: occidentalis caurina
The Northern spotted owl lives up in the tress of the temperate rainforest of Washington, California, and Oregon, U.S.A

Amphibians

Amphibians spend part of their life underwater with gills, and upon maturing they grow lungs and live on land. They lay eggs, have smooth skin, and are ectotherms.

Cryptobranchus alleganiensis

This is an Eastern Hellbender enjoying the mud.

Common name: Eastern Hellbender
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Caudata
Family: Cryptobranchidae
Genus: Cryptobranchus
species: alleganiensis
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis lives in Washington and Oregon, as well as throughout the Continental United States.

Reptiles

Reptiles, usually, have pairs of legs, they lay eggs, are covered by plates of scales, have

This is a Western Terrestrial Garter Snake resting in the redwood forest.

lungs, and are ectotherms.

Thamnophis elegans
Common name: Western Terrestrial Garter Snake
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Colubridae
Genus: Thamnophis
species: elegans
The Western Terrestrial Garter Snake slithers along the ground of the redwood forest in Northwest North America.

Bony fish

Bony fish have gills, skeleton bones, two pairs of fins, lay eggs, and are ectotherms.

This is the Coho Salmon proped upright in a shallow stream.

Oncorhynchus kisutch
Common name: Coho Salmon
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Salmoniformes
Family: Salmonidae
Genus: Oncorhynchus
species: kisutch
The Coho Salmon lives in the Noyo River in northern California.

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